news archive October 2007

• Genetic Variants In Autoimmunity
  Scientists report new genetic associations to four diseases in a large scale collaborative effort.
  
• New AIDS Risk Factor
  More rapid HIV disease progression occurs in individuals who have a specific genetic risk factor.
  
• Genetic Variation In Hair, Eye, And Skin Pigmentation
  Several new genetic associations for human hair, eye and skin pigmentation in individuals of European ancestry are reported.
  
• Genetic Risk Factor For Colorectal Cancer
  Common variants in the gene SMAD7 are associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer.
  
• Host Of New Genes Spotted
  Scientists have uncovered a complex network of genes involved in the conversion of normal cells to cancerous ones.
  
• The Future's Bright
  Researchers have now linked the tendency for future optimism to activity in a small network of areas in the brain.
  
• Old Trick, New Dog
  A new model of anti-viral response in mammals is presented.
  
• Gene Essential To Sperm Production Identified
  In a study published online, researchers report the identification of a gene that has a key role in the development of sperm.
  
• Rise And Shine
  Researchers have established a causal link between the activity of a particular group of brain cells and transitions between sleep and wakefulness.
  
• Genes Tell Our Evolutionary Tale
  Geneticists have identified a number of genes, for a variety of functions, that show the hallmarks of having been favoured by natural selection in different populations.
  
• The Brain And Feeding
  The activity of several brain areas governing human feeding behaviour is modulated by levels of a single gut hormone in the blood.
  
• Single-Gene 'Badge' For Stem Cells
  Geneticists studying the cells of the human gut have found a gene that seems to be expressed exclusively in mouse adult stem cells of the small intestine and colon
  

• The Genetics of MLL Leukemogenesis
  Meis1 is a crucial factor for cancer development and stem cell maintenance in MLL
  

• Regulating Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal
  Demthylation enzymes maintain chromatin structure that favors pluripotency
  
• Patterning the mammalian brain
  An ubiquitin ligase regulates synapse formation
  

• A Proteomic Approach To Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis
  A screen of 18 proteins related to cellular communication were found useful in diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease, even well before the onset of dementia.
  
• Combination Therapies Targeting Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Offer Promise Against Cancer
  Several receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors have shown limited efficacy as single agents against various tumors, but in combination, they appear to be potent anti-cancer drugs.
  

• Venous Origin of the Mammalian Lymphatic Vasculature
  Debate over derivation yields to new evidence
  

• The Beat Goes On With AKAP18
  A protein, known as AKAP18, could help the heart to beat faster in response to adrenaline or noradrenaline.
  
• Heart Of The Matter
  Researchers have developed a strategy to successfully manipulate stem cells into becoming heart muscle cells.
  
• The Long And The Short Of Fatty Liver
  Study reports that not all types of fat are equally harmful.
  
• Micro-Managing HIV Replication
  Cellular microRNAs could help HIV persist by shutting off viral replication and contributing to latency.
  
• HIV Stuns Immune Cells
  A known suppression factor in the immune system increases in HIV-infected individuals on critical immune cells.
  
• Fountain Of Youth
  Researchers have identified the cells that provide an essential survival factor to newly created immune cells.
  
• The Gene-Mapper's Best Friend
  Genetic variants associated with dominant or recessive disease-related traits in dogs can be mapped efficiently and with high confidence.
  
• NO End To Protein Modification
  A new biological signalling molecule is described.
  
• Mitochondrial Downfall In Parkinson's Disease
  The mutation of two genes associated with the development of Parkinson's disease cooperate to regulate mitochondrial function when cells are stressed.
  
• Effective Gene Silencing
  New research shows that small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) can be effective and safe tools for silencing genes in vivo.
  
• MicroRNAs And Metastasis
  A particular microRNA, microRNA-10b (miR-10b), has been found in abundance in breast cancer cells that have the ability to spread to other organs.
  
• Identifying Self Renewing Cells
  Large numbers of adult stem cells can be efficiently obtained from testis, thanks to a newly identified molecule on the cell surface that will allow researchers to tell them apart from non-self-renewing cell types.
  

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