news archive September 2005

• Clinical Trial Launched for Treatment of Liver Disease in Children
  Investigators hope to uncover the underlying conditions that contribute to the development and progression of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in children.
  
• Loss of Body Mass Linked to Development of Alzheimer’s Disease
  The loss of body mass reflects disease processes and changes in BMI might be a clinical predictor of the development of Alzheimer's Disease.
  
• Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer
  Discovery of Protein Signatures for Prostate Cancer Could Improve Diagnosis of Early Disease - a complementary test to Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA).
  
• Nanobiotechnology: Training the Next Generation of Scientists
  For cancer biology, as well as many other biomedical disciplines, nanotechnology has significant potential in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
  

• Plasma homocysteine concentration is a risk factor for schizophrenia
  Evidence that elevated levels of homocysteine increase susceptibility to schizophrenia and that this association is mediated by genotype
  

• Connotea Wins Award For Publishing Innovation
  Connotea, a free online reference management service for scientists, developed by Nature Publishing Group, has won the Association of Learned and Professional Society Publishers (ALPSP) Award for Publishing Innovation.
  
• An Assessment of Risk Understanding in Hispanic Genetic Counseling Patients
  This study sought to identify if differences existed in risk comprehension and risk format understanding between genetic counseling patients of Hispanic and Caucasian ethnicity.
  
• Psychosocial Issues That Face Patients With Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease: The Role of Genetic Counseling
  This study identifies and explores life issues that individuals with Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease (CMT) may face.
  
• Women’s Attitudes Toward Testing for Fragile X Carrier Status: A Qualitative Analysis
  Findings have significant implications for genetic counseling as well as for population screening.
  
• Educating Genetic Counselors in Australia: Developing an International Perspective
  This paper highlights the Australian experience of genetic counselor education and the history of the profession.
  
• Smoking Delays Response To Eye Disease Treatments
  Response to treatment for episcleritis and scleritis is likely to be delayed by at least 4 weeks if patients are smokers.
  
• Scientists Confirm That Smoking Causes Blindness
  Smoking greatly increases your chance of developing age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which leads to severe and irreversible sight-loss.
  
• Nitrite Gives A Signal
  Paper reports that nitrite -- a common additive in foods such as hot dogs -- is a built-in signaling molecule that regulates multiple biochemical pathways.
  
• Genome Mining Reveals New Natural Products
  Researchers have discovered a new microbial natural product by a technique called "genome mining."
  
• A Forceful Finding About Atherosclerosis
  Scientists show that three proteins, which are expressed in vessel endothelial cells, are required for detecting mechanical stress on the vessel walls.
  
• An Outside-In View Of Psoriasis
  Researchers have found that cells in human psoriatic lesions have decreased expression of the gene JUNB.
  
• The Spiniest Aspect Of Amyloid Formation
  Scientists report how amyloid fibrils, protein structures found in a number of neurodegenerative disorders, can "zip up" without losing their ability to function properly.
  
• On The Origin And Size Of Infectious Prions
  Malformed prion proteins appear to be responsible for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
  
• Opposite Effects, But One Target
  Scientists have identified a link between two major pathways that regulate blood glucose levels.
  
• Unusual RNAs Linked To Chronic Leukemia, May Help Treat It
  miR-15 and miR-16 induce apoptosis by targeting BCL2.
  
• Most Embryos Produced During IVF do not Result in Live Births
  High rates of embryo wastage with use of assisted reproductive technology
  
• Adult Human Neural Stem Cell Therapy Successful In Treating Spinal Cord Injury
  Human neural stem cells differentiate and promote locomotor recovery in spinal cord-injured mice
  
• Superlattice Nanobelts
  Nanohelix Structure Provides New Building Block for Nanoscale Piezoelectric Devices
  
• Breakthrough In Micro-device Fabrication Combines Biology And Synthetic Chemistry
  Nanostructured micro-devices may be mass produced at a lower cost, and with a wider variety of shapes and compositions than ever before.
  
• Discovery May Provide Novel Novel Method To Generate Medically Useful Proteins
  C-type lectin fold as an evolutionary solution for massive sequence variation.
  
• Old Drug Shows New Promise For Huntington's Disease
  Clioquinol down-regulates mutant huntingtin expression in vitro and mitigates pathology in a Huntington's disease mouse model.
  
• New Drug Effective For Rheumatoid Arthritis
  Abatacept for rheumatoid arthritis refractory to tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibition.
  

• Malaria: Sequence of Infection Revealed
  Study supplants earlier theories on how the malaria parasite spreads from the red blood cells it infects.
  
• Blocking Virus Entry
  Defensins, known to prevent viruses from entering cells, appear to do so by preventing the virus from merging to cells' outer membrane.
  
• Benefits of Digital Mammography
  Women with Dense Breasts, Women Younger than 50, and Those Who are Perimenopausal May Benefit from Digital Mammograms
  

• Who works together with whom?
  Unique Map Created of Human Protein Interactions
  

• Stem Cell Instability Further Down The Line
  Study reports that human embryonic stem cell lines cultured for a long period of time develop changes in their genomes that may make them unusable for therapeutic purposes.
  
• Detecting Prions In Blood
  Research may help minimize the spread of prion diseases in the human body.
  
• A Key Initiator Of Allergy And Asthma
  Finding opens up new ways of studying how disabling lung inflammation may be prevented.
  
• Triggering New Sensors For Virus Infection
  Research identifying a new response factor triggered by intracellular sensors of viruses may open up new ways of enhancing our ability to fight infections.
  
• Genetic Counseling for Fragile X Syndrome: Updated Recommendations of the National Society of Genetic Counselors
  These recommendations describe the minimum standard criteria for genetic counseling and testing of individuals and families with fragile X syndrome.
  
• Policy Recommendations for Carrier Testing and Predictive Testing in Childhood: A Distinction That Makes a Real Difference
  Paper examines how five good practice position statements from Canada, UK and USA, produce different recommendations for carrier testing and predictive testing.
  
• Modeling Metastasis
  Two studies report findings that improve our understanding of metastasis.
  
• Evolution Discounts Errors
  Research may shed new light on how to evolve genetic complexity, a key hurdle associated with the development of life on Earth.
  
• Reproductive Biology: Enhancing Sperm Vitality
  Researchers report the application of a new hybrid polymer that boosts antioxidant levels in porcine sperm, enhancing both vitality and lifespan.
  

• Islet Transplantation for Diabetics
  Registry Sheds Light on Procedure’s Risks and Benefits
  
• Genomics of Inflammation
  Approximately 5000 genes fluctuate in response to a inflammatory stimulus.
  
• Chimps & Humans - Very Similar Indeed
  You share 96% of your DNA with chimpanzees, an international consortium reports.
  
• U.S. & India - Vision Research Agreement
  Both countries commit to expand and collaborate on vision research.
  
• Fruit Fiber May Help Effects of Second-Hand Smoke
  New study finds that adults who were exposed to second hand smoke as children could reduce the resulting chronic cough by eating more fruit and soy fiber.
  

• Cancer Drug Target Chk1 May Also Be Source Of Drug Resistance
  New findings suggest balancing Chk1 activity will produce less toxic cancer drugs.
  
• Pinpointing The Cause Of A Neurodegenerative Disorder
  The AXH Domain of Ataxin-1 Mediates Neurodegeneration through Its Interaction with Gfi-1/Senseless Proteins.
  
• Unexpected Features Of Anthrax Toxin May Lead To New Types Of Therapies
  Receptor-specific requirements for anthrax toxin delivery into cells
  
• Studies Find Possible Drug Targets For Improving Vascular Health
  Akt1/protein kinase Balpha is critical for ischemic and VEGF-mediated angiogenesis.
  
• Scientists Find That Protein Controls Aging By Controlling Insulin
  Suppression of Aging in Mice by the Hormone Klotho.
  
• A Step Closer To A Malaria Vaccine
  Structure of AMA1 from Plasmodium falciparum reveals a clustering of polymorphisms that surround a conserved hydrophobic pocket.
  
• Improving The Potential Of Cancer Vaccines
  Toll-like receptor 8-mediated reversal of CD4+ regulatory T cell function
  
• A double punch for female survival
  Achieving equality between the sexes can be a challenge even for single cells.
  
• Public collections of DNA and RNA sequence reach 100 gigabases
  The world's three leading public repositories for DNA and RNA sequence information have reached 100 gigabases [100,000,000,000 bases; the 'letters' of the genetic code] of sequence.
  

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